
Judges 4-5
How many Bible-believing Christians know the story of Deborah? It is unique. In the midst of a patriarchal society, we find this fascinating story of a woman in leadership in the nation of Israel. Where did she come from? What did she do? What of her progeny?
In the book of Judges we find the nation of Israel was being ruled by a series of judges, some of them better men than others. Samson is an example of an enigma, a man called by God, yet one who couldn’t keep his hormones under control. In the end Samson redeemed himself in a tremendous act of courage which ended in his own death. Read chapters 13-16.
Isreal was constantly in a state of flux. The nation was enticed by the gods of other nations. Loyalty to the God of Heaven, the One True God who was to be Lord of their lives, was rejected in favour of gods they could see. As a result, the Lord allowed them to be at war with surrounding nations.
In a little background – Ehud is very little known today, but he made his appearance during the Moabite oppression of Israel, when in a daring act of courage he killed their king. We read “The Lord gave Eglon king of Moab, power over Israel…..then He [the Lord] gave them a deliverer – Ehud” (Judges 3:12-15) He was left-handed, noteworthy because soldiers always struck with weapons designed for the right hand. Ehud was from the tribe of Benjamin. Due to his courageous act, Moab became subjected to Israel and God’s people had peace for 80 years.
But then the Israelites did evil again in the sight of the Lord. We read “The Lord sold them into the hand of Jabin” (4:2) a Canaanite king. His commander-in-chief, Sisera, was a cruel man and oppressed Israel severely. Enter Deborah, the prophetess.
It is interesting we are given more family background on Jael, who eventually killed Sisera when he took refuge in her tent, than we know about Deborah. She was married to Lappidoth but nothing is told of his history either. In the hill country of Ephraim, she held court under the Palm of Deborah where the Israelites came to get their disputes settled (Judges 4:5).
Deborah is the only woman who is both prophet and judge alongside two other men in Israel’s history – Moses and Samuel; the only woman among the twelve judges in the Old Testament. She called on Barak to take an army to Mount Tabor where God would lure Sisera into battle and give the victory to Israel. Barak wanted Deborah to go with him so she warned him “Because of the way you are going about this, the honour will not be yours, for the Lord will hand Sisera over to a woman” (4:9).
That word of prophecy came true (4:18-21) thanks to Jael’s courage. Sisera, in hiding in her tent, fell asleep giving her opportunity to drive a tent peg through his temple. And Deborah and Barak sang a victory song! ”When the people offer themselves willingly – praise the Lord!” (5:2) They had much to thank God for – their oppression was at an end! ”I, Deborah, arose, arose a mother in Israel!” (5:7). “My heart is with Israel’s princes, with the willing volunteers among the people. Praise the Lord!” (5:9). “Then the land had peace for forty years” (5:31b).
Reflection:
When God calls us to serve Him, whether it is under a palm tree dispensing justice, or whether it is in active warfare, lessons we can learn from Deborah are to rise to the occasion without question. Then we should not forget to praise Him who has guided us into the paths of righteousness, for His name’s sake. As a man or a woman, the call of God requires surrender and dedication. Just as Deborah composed in her song, her words ring true today :“ When people willingly offer themselves – Praise the Lord!” (Judges 5:2).








